What exactly is the difference between a surge protector and a fuse? Can a fuse protect the electronic devices from lightning instead of surge protector?

2024–10–10[John johnson John Johnson ]

There are three different concepts here that are getting confused.

And this is the problem alone. Is the power supply in the equipmemt designed with a lightning strike in mind? Some yes, others, no.

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Now when you have a certain ac resistance, then a current flows in a loop.

A circuit breaker is similar, but is resettable.

2024–10–00 [ Ammar Mahdi ] Ammar Mahdi

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It also is a device that limits the change in current flow.

OK, this is Mohan Rajaratnam’s definition of a Surge suppressor.

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Lightning arrestor is a spark-gap device, and can be installed anywhere. What is important, is that the wire is thick enough to withstand the lightning bolt and conduct the energy away from the building.

(There is no concept of polarity, in the loop because the current changes direction 100 to 120 times a second (power frequency).

Because the load is inductive, the current lags the voltage.(by a bit).

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This is where the MOV conducts again, and dissipated the energy.

“ A fuse is a device which protects the (circuit) against overload and short circuit.”

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What is lightning?

P = e* I, so since I is 16 amps, then the voltage dropped is 1/16 volt or 0.0650 volts.

So combined with a device called a MOV or Metal-oxide-resistor, then forms the 3rd part of a “surge suppressor “.

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So, the voltage could go up to 500 volts, and the fuse will not open up.

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2024–10–14 [Omar Gharbi Omar Gharbi ]

So, it’s possible that these devices from Trip Lite have addition suppression devices, these ones seem to be sturdy.

He then describes Rainy Season and Lightning.

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There are two important concepts here.

This is an electronic circuit designed to clamp voltages so that the Voltage Potential that appears at the outlet is never going to exceed the nominal value.

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He then asserts :

Is the question then , "why buy a surge supressor, if the fuse alone protects the electronic circuits from a lightning bolt?".

so, the loop of wire then, when put together with another loop reduces the ‘noise’ on a power line.

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This is the picture of an electronic coil of wire wound around a core of magnetic material.

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There is no harm in having the surge suppressor along with the fuse in the circuit. The fuse will not open up until the current melts the link. This will take time, and in the interim, that jolt will get transmitted into the power supplies.

the problem then depends on "how fast does the fuse operate?".

He then describes the function of a fuse.

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For this case there are devices called Metal oxide varistors (MOV).

But during the surge, the fuse will not blow if it is a longer duration and lower value )10 to 50%).

What does a fuse do?

Here is a simplified AC power diagram.

At one ohm, the resistor has a maximum of 1 watt power.

At least they know the answer if they wanted it.

[old diagram got deleted by accident]

This device then solves the entire problem.

An AC voltage/ current source, and an ac inductive load.

Would individual surge supressors have save this equipment? most likely, since the surge supressor would take the jolt instead of the electronic components.

The third is lightning and “how it gets conducted into a home.”

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One is “what exactly is in a ‘surge protector’ ? ”

This is where this question deviates from being a 'generic' question, and becomes more specific.

so, what happens?

Barnstars:

These are simplified answers to the original question, and does not change anything I wrote above.

The MOV will conduct when the voltage exceeds 50% of line voltage.

But it can get overloaded, and no longer works.

First Sentence:

A fuse is a non-resetable over current circuit protector.

These devices are installed between the “hot” and “neutral” and protective ground.

(Dc diagram shown, AC is similar).

If the nominal power is 4,000 watts then the current at 230volts is 16 amps.

“ A surge suppressor is the one which is connected at the input supply so that when there is a sudden change voltage it bypasses thereby protecting the (circuit) and electronic components”

Fuses, on their own, then operate much slower than the MOV variable resistance, during the lightning strike.

The other is “what does a “fuse” do?”

what exactly is a ‘surge’ protector?

This is a high voltage low current spike that comes down the line because of the power poles being struck, and the voltage suppressors activating on the primary side of the transformer.

It seems Mohan does not understand the difference between a comment and an Answer.

“ … to protect building, lightning arrestor, is provided above building and directly connected to earth.”

Mohan forgets that a fuse is a one-time device, and needs to be replaced if it is tripped.

This is 'the assistant's answer'

One

When the current is 200% of the rated value , it will “go open” (the link metal melts) and protect the device.

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But… the neutral is now “floating” because of the 1 ohm resistance.

but this device (an Inductor) … impedes the rapid changes in the current.

In schematic diagrams this is the symbol for a fuse:

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but I think this circuit , shows a few more pieces.

The bolt then partially travels down the line to your home.

This is a photo where a lightning bolt took out a home's complete mains distribution box, and a lot of electronic gear as well.

At the secondary, it is 1000 times less.)turns ratio). If it gets hit with a 100,000 volt bolt of lightning then the voltage arrestors conduct and clamp the voltage down to line voltage, ( but a small amount leaks down the line). This is the problem.

Once the voltage goes over 0.0650 volts, then this fact can be used to amplify the difference, and turn the circuit breaker off , furthur down the line. Essentially that is what a RCD/GFCI does, it compares the incoming current, to the outgoing current, and if the difference between the two currents is over 5mA, then it trips the circuit breaker.

Edit 2024–10.

Can the fuse protect the electronic devices from lightning instead of a surge protector.